TAXONOMY Plant taxonomy is the science of organizing plants into established categories and giving them names (a Latin binomial), based on their characteristics. Originally this tree was called Acacia farnesiana after the 17th century Roman Cardinal Odoardo Farnese. Since the late 1960’s plant taxonomists have been troubled by the wide variety of horticultural characteristics (flowering periods, cold hardiness etc.) exhibited by Sweet Acacias. In 1969 it was proposed that Sweet Acacias actually represented two different tree species. Acacia smallii was proposed as the name for all the Sweet Acacias occurring from California to western most Florida and Acacia farnesiana for those trees found in the balance of Florida and the Caribbean.
The horticulturalcharacteristic of greatest interest to landscape professionals in the desert southwest is cold hardiness. Experience over the last 10 to 15 years has shown that Acacia farnesiana is severely (sometime fatally) damaged by temperatures below 20 to 25 degrees F. In contrast Acacia smallii appears hardy to about 15 to 20 degrees F.and survives most central and southern Arizona and southern California winters injury free. While there are other physical (tree structure) and botanical distinctions between these two species the greater cold hardiness of Acacia smallii is of most interest to landscape professionals.
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